#  Brenner Group 

 



##  Scaling Constraints for Equilibrium Molecular Computing 

*Energy-entropy competition imposes strict limits on equilibrium molecular computation.*

*Scalable molecular computation requires non-equilibrium design.*



 

 

 

       ![mc-phase-diagram](/sites/g/files/omnuum6161/files/styles/hwp_21_9__1920x825/public/2026-01/Screenshot%202026-01-13%20at%2022.33.08_0.png?itok=Yz01BpXv)